What type of fog is caused by heat emitted from the Earth?

The correct answer is radiation fog. This type of fog forms when the ground loses heat through radiation during the night, cooling the air near the ground to the point where the air becomes saturated with moisture. As the temperature falls, the moisture condenses into tiny water droplets, creating fog. This phenomenon typically occurs on clear nights, as there are fewer clouds to trap heat, leading to a rapid cooling of the surface and hence, the air above it.

In contrast, stratus fog forms when there is a blanket of warm air over a cooler surface but does not specifically relate to heat emitted from the Earth. Advection fog occurs when warm, moist air moves over a cooler surface, leading to condensation; it is driven more by the movement of air rather than the cooling of the ground itself. Upslope fog results from moist air being forced to rise over elevated terrain, cooling as it ascends, but again, is not directly linked to heat emitted from the Earth. Understanding these distinctions is important for recognizing the different mechanisms behind fog formation.